HSB Colour Model – Hue & Saturation – Grid
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Description
HSB Colour Model - Hue & Saturation
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About the diagram
Some key terms
- A colour wheel is a circular diagram divided into segments, featuring primary colours, and used to visualize the result of colour mixing.
- Colour wheels can enhance understanding of colour relationships and assist with the accurate selection and reproduction of colours.
- A colour wheel starts with segments representing primary colours. Additional segments are added between them to explore the outcome of mixing adjacent primary colours.
- By adding more segments between existing ones, further mixing of adjacent colours can be explored.
- A colour wheel exploring the additive RGB colour model starts with red, green, and blue primary colours.
- A colour wheel exploring the subtractive CMY colour model starts with cyan, magenta, and yellow primary colours.
A colour model is the how-to part of colour theory. Together they establish terms and definitions, rules or conventions and a system of notation for encoding colours and their relationships with one another.
A colour model is a way of:
- Making sense of the colours we see around us in the world.
- Understanding the relationship of colours to one another.
- Understanding how to mix each type of coloured media to produce predictable results.
- Specifying colours using names, codes, notation, equations etc.
- Organising and using colours for different purposes.
- Using colours in predictable and repeatable ways.
- Working out systems and rules for mixing and using different types of colour.
- Creating colour palettes, gamuts and colour guides.
The trichromatic colour model is a theory of colour that establishes terms, rules and methods to enable human colour vision to be dealt with in both systematic and practical ways.
- In this resource, the terms brightness and colour brightness have distinct meanings. The first refers to a property of light, and the second to a property of colour as detailed below.
- Brightness (as opposed to colour brightness) is used to refer to a property of light.
- Colour brightness is used to refer to how much colour something appears to emit or reflect towards an observer.
- When brightness is used in connection with the HSB colour model it is used alongside hue and saturation and refers to the method of selecting and adjusting colours in software applications such as Adobe Illustrator.
- The HSB colour model is a representation of colours that combines hue, saturation, and brightness components.
- In the HSB brightness represents the intensity or lightness of a colour, with higher values indicating brighter or lighter colours.
- This entry discusses colour brightness and the HSB colour model, where H represents hue, S represents saturation, and B represents brightness.
- Colour brightness can be understood as the variation in how a colour is perceived by an observer under well-lit conditions compared to its more muted appearance when in shadow or under poor illumination.
- In the HSB colour model:
- Hue refers to the perceived difference between colours and is usually described using names such as red, yellow, green, or blue.
- Saturation refers to the vividness of a colour compared to an unsaturated colour.
- Brightness refers to the perceived difference in the appearance of colours under ideal sunlit conditions compared to poor lighting conditions where a hue’s vitality is lost.
- Brightness can be measured as a percentage from 100% to 0%.
- As the brightness of a fully saturated hue decreases, it appears progressively darker and achromatic.
- A colour model, underpinned by a colour theory, provides a precise and replicable approach to understanding:
- How the human eye perceives light and interprets colour.
- Different types of colour such as the colours produced when mixing lights, pigments or inks.
- How to manage the diverse ways colour is processed by equipment such as cameras, digital screens and printers.
- Whether or not we recognize it, whenever we are working with colour, we are adopting a colour theory, a colour model and a colour space.
- For more information see https://lightcolourvision.org/dictionary/definition/colour-model/
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