- Electric charge is a fundamental property of matter that governs its interaction with electric and magnetic fields.
- Electric charge carriers, protons (+) and electrons (-) are the primary charge carriers in matter.
- There are two types of electric charge:
- Positive charge: Carried by protons, found in the nucleus of atoms.
- Negative charge: Carried by electrons, which exist in orbitals around the nucleus.
- The smallest unit of charge is the elementary charge (e ≈ 1.602176634 × 10^-19 C), carried by each individual proton and electron.