Gamma correction, also referred to as gamma encoding, is an image processing technique that adjusts the brightness and contrast of an image to achieve a more natural and visually pleasing appearance.
- Gamma correction of digital images prevents excessive storage of information about highlights that are invisible to humans and ensures sufficient information is retained for shadows that require more differentiation to be observed.
- Gamma correction adjusts the relationship between the numerical value of a pixel stored in an image file (e.g., JPG or TIFF) and its corresponding brightness when displayed on-screen.
- Gamma correction is typically performed to compensate for the non-linear relationship between the input signal and the displayed brightness on a monitor or screen.
- In the case of a black-and-white image, a gamma function impacts highlights (brightest values), mid-tones (greyscale), and shadows (dark areas) in distinct ways.
- Gamma correction is not limited to black and white images but applies to colour images, where it affects colour balance and contrast.