The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a layer of pigmented cells located between the retina and the choroid of the human eye that supports the photoreceptor cells (rods and cones).
- The RPE plays a critical role in providing nutrients, removing waste products, and regenerating visual pigments needed for photoreceptor function.
- The RPE is firmly attached to the underlying Bruch’s membrane of the choroid on one side, but less firmly connected to the photoreceptor cells of the retina on the other. This weaker attachment can contribute to retinal detachment.
- The choroid is a vascular layer rich in blood vessels and connective tissue that lies between the retina and the sclera. It provides oxygen and nutrients to the outer layers of the retina and parts of the sclera, supporting the function of the retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors.