Retina of the Human Eye in Detail
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Description
Retina of the Human Eye in Detail
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About the diagram
Some key terms
Colour is not a property of electromagnetic radiation, but a feature of visual perception by an observer.
- The human eye and so human visual perception are tuned to the visible spectrum and so to spectral colours between red and violet.
- There are no properties of electromagnetic radiation that distinguish visible light from other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum.
- Objects appear to be different colours to an observer depending on the wavelengths, frequencies and amplitude of visible light at the moment it strikes the retina at the back of the eye.
The rainbow axis is an imaginary straight line that connects the light source, observer and anti-solar point.
- The centre of a rainbow is always on its axis.
- The centre of a rainbow always corresponds with the anti-solar point.
- When drawing a diagram showing the axis of a rainbow, the Sun and anti-solar point, are at opposite ends with the observer between them.
- From an observer’s point of view, the rainbow axis is an imaginary line that they look along towards the centre of a rainbow.
A photon is the basic building block of light. A photon is a single indivisible bundle (particle or wave) of energy within an electromagnetic field.
- In the field of optics, light is explained in terms of waves (wavelength, frequency and energy) but this description doesn’t always fit the evidence. It became clear during the 20th century that light sometimes exhibits wave-like behaviour, at others both waves and particles, or just particles.
- Contemporary physics considers that electromagnetic fields propagate through space configured as bundles of energy. These are bundles of photons.
- Photons are the force carriers of radiant energy (electromagnetic radiation).
- A photon is a type of elementary particle and represents a quantum of light (eg. visible light). Another way of putting this is that a photon is the smallest quantity (quantum, plural quanta) into which light can be divided.
Colour vision is the human ability to distinguish between objects based on the wavelengths of the light they emit, reflect or transmit. The human eye and brain together translate light into colour.
- Colour is not a property of electromagnetic radiation, but a feature of visual perception.
- The human eye, and so human perception, is tuned to the visible spectrum and so to spectral colours between red and violet.
- Light, however, is rarely of a single wavelength, so an observer will usually be exposed to a range of different wavelengths of light or a mixture of wavelengths from different areas of the spectrum.
- A person’s perception of colour is a subjective process whereby the brain responds to the stimuli that are produced when incoming light reacts with several types of photosensitive cone cells in the eye. In essence, different people see the same illuminated object or light source in different ways.
- Colours can be organised and quantified and colour theory helps to make sense of its appearance in different situations.
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