Response of Human Cone Cells to Colour

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Description

Response of Human Cone Cells to Colour

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Trichromacy refers to the idea that humans are capable of colour vision as a result of the sensitivity of our eyes to three regions of colour within the visible spectrum.
Researchers estimate the number of colours the human eye can distinguish is between one and seven million.

About the diagram

Some key terms

The trichromatic colour model is a theory of colour that establishes terms, rules and methods to enable human colour vision to be dealt with in both systematic and practical ways.

Visible light is the range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation perceived as colour by human observers.

Colour vision is the human ability to distinguish between objects based on the wavelengths of the light they emit, reflect or transmit. The human eye and brain together translate light into colour.

  • Colour is not a property of electromagnetic radiation, but a feature of visual perception.
  • The human eye, and so human perception, is tuned to the visible spectrum and so to spectral colours between red and violet.
  • Light, however, is rarely of a single wavelength, so an observer will usually be exposed to a range of different wavelengths of light or a mixture of wavelengths from different areas of the spectrum.
  • A person’s perception of colour is a subjective process whereby the brain responds to the stimuli that are produced when incoming light reacts with several types of photosensitive cone cells in the eye. In essence, different people see the same illuminated object or light source in different ways.
  • Colours can be organised and quantified and colour theory helps to make sense of its appearance in different situations.

Colour is not a property of electromagnetic radiation, but a feature of visual perception by an observer.

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